The Bank of Japan left its key short-term interest rate unchanged at -0.1%, and kept the target for the 10-year government bond yield at around 0% during its September meeting with an 8-1 vote, as expected.
However, policymakers’ outlook came bleak on exports and factory production amid supply chain turmoil mainly for chips and parts from Southeast Asia.
As for inflation, the annual rate of the CPI was around 0% amid a rise in energy cost and despite lower mobile phone charges.